# ORF Middle East

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- [Impact of the Middle East Crisis on ASEAN's Strategic and Economic Landscape](https://orfme.org/event/impact-of-the-middle-east-crisis-on-aseans-strategic-and-economic-landscape/)
- [The Hormuz Disruption : How the Iran War is Reconfiguring Critical Mineral Value-Chains](https://orfme.org/event/the-hormuz-disruption-how-the-iran-war-is-reconfiguring-critical-mineral-value-chains/)
- [The Role of Middle Powers in the Age of AI](https://orfme.org/event/the-role-of-middle-powers-in-the-age-of-ai/)
- [Vulnerabilities in West Asia’s Maritime Chokepoints: Hormuz, Bab al-Mandab, and the Suez Canal](https://orfme.org/event/vulnerabilities-in-west-asias-maritime-chokepoints-hormuz-bab-al-mandab-and-the-suez-canal/)
- [The Middle East Crisis in the Eyes of Africa](https://orfme.org/event/the-middle-east-crisis-in-the-eyes-of-africa/)
- [The Middle East Crisis in the Eyes of Europe](https://orfme.org/event/the-middle-east-crisis-in-the-eyes-of-europe/)
- [Reverberating Effects for Fertilizer, Food, and Water Security in Times of Conflict](https://orfme.org/event/reverberating-effects-for-fertilizer-food-and-water-security-in-times-of-conflict/)
- [Secure Frontiers, Shared Futures](https://orfme.org/event/secure-frontiers-shared-futures/)
- [At the Heart of The Republic - India and the New World](https://orfme.org/event/at-the-heart-of-the-republic-india-and-the-new-world/)
- [The DPI Exchange: New Corridors for Innovation and Inclusion Roundtable](https://orfme.org/event/the-dpi-exchange-new-corridors-for-innovation-and-inclusion-roundtable/)
- [Policy Arena: Gulf-India Trade](https://orfme.org/event/policy-arena-gulf-india-trade/)
- [Roundtable Roundup : AgriFoodTech in the UAE](https://orfme.org/event/roundtable-roundup-agrifoodtech-in-the-uae/)
- [Policy Orbit: Beijing’s Middle East Playbook in a Changing Global Order](https://orfme.org/event/policy-orbit-beijings-middle-east-playbook-in-a-changing-global-order/)
- [Policy Orbit: Convergence in Grand Strategies](https://orfme.org/event/policy-orbit-convergence-in-grand-strategies/)
- [Rethinking Connectivity: New Geographies, New Markets, New Infrastructure](https://orfme.org/event/rethinking-connectivity-new-geographies-new-markets-new-infrastructure/)
- [Policy Orbit: The Future of Global A.I.](https://orfme.org/event/policy-orbit-the-future-of-global-a-i/)
- [Policy Orbit: The Rise of Soft Power in the Gulf](https://orfme.org/event/policy-orbit-the-rise-of-soft-power-in-the-gulf/)
- [Building the Future of Health-Tech in the UAE](https://orfme.org/event/building-the-future-of-health-in-the-uae/)
- [India’s urban leadership on the global stage](https://orfme.org/event/indias-urban-leadership-on-the-global-stage/)
- [Water and Food Security in MENA: Navigating Shared Risks and Regional Solutions](https://orfme.org/event/water-and-food-security-in-mena-navigating-shared-risks-and-regional-solutions/)
- [The India–UAE Strategic Partnership: Opportunities & Pathways](https://orfme.org/event/the-india-uae-strategic-partnership-opportunities-pathways/)
- [Raisina Mediterranean 2025](https://orfme.org/event/raisina-mediterranean-2025/)
- [Unpacking Trump’s Gulf Tour](https://orfme.org/event/unpacking-trumps-gulf-tour/)
- [Raisina Middle East](https://orfme.org/event/raisina-middle-east-foresight-2025-pathways-politics-and-people/)
- [Deep Tech Network: Delivering Responsible Deep Tech Collaboration](https://orfme.org/event/deep-tech-network-delivering-responsible-deep-tech-collaboration/)
- [From G20 to COP28: Energy, Climate and Growth](https://orfme.org/event/from-g20-to-cop28-energy-climate-and-growth/)

- [Asia’s Energy Stress: Regional Impact of Hormuz Crisis](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/asias-energy-stress-regional-impact-of-hormuz-crisis/)
- [Global South in the Crossfire: Strategic Competition and Managed Interdependence](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/global-south-in-the-crossfire-strategic-competition-and-managed-interdependence/)
- [Canada Strong Fund: A Platform for Gulf Strategic Investment](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/canada-strong-fund-a-platform-for-gulf-strategic-investment/)
- [A Levantine Path to Gulf Resilience](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/a-levantine-path-to-gulf-resilience/)
- [Russia-China Defence and Security Partnership: Intensification Amid Constraints](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/russia-china-defence-and-security-partnership-intensification-amid-constraints/)
- [The Impacts of the Middle East Crisis on Food, Water, and Economic Security](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-impacts-of-the-middle-east-crisis-on-food-water-and-economic-security/)
- [Latin America: Navigating the Turbulence](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/latin-america-navigating-the-turbulence/)
- [The U.S.-Iran Ceasefire Illusion: Energy Shortages Far from Over](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-us-iran-ceasefire-illusion-energy-shortages-far-from-over/)
- [Crude Calculations: India-UAE Energy Ties Amid Gulf Turbulence](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/crude-calculations-india-uae-energy-ties-amid-gulf-turbulence/)
- [The Economic Implications of the Middle East Crisis: Measuring Preparedness in the MENA](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-economic-implications-of-the-middle-east-crisis-measuring-preparedness-in-the-mena/)
- [The Sanctions Equilibrium: When Coercion Becomes Structure](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-sanctions-equilibrium-when-coercion-becomes-structure/)
- [Building in the Rupture: The World’s New Alignments](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/building-in-the-rupture-the-worlds-new-alignments/)
- [The Gulf’s Short-Term, Post- Conflict Foreign Policy Goals](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-gulfs-short-term-post-conflict-foreign-policy-goals/)
- [New Arenas of Great-Power Competition](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/new-arenas-of-great-power-competition/)
- [Beyond Interceptors: Improving Public Warning Systems in the Gulf](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/beyond-interceptors-improving-public-warning-systems-in-the-gulf/)
- [Chips without Architecture: Aftermath of the Trump-Xi meeting](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/chips-without-architecture-aftermath-of-the-trump-xi-meeting/)
- [Force Without Freedom: The Long Game in the Strait](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/force-without-freedom-the-long-game-in-the-strait/)
- [India and The UAE Forge Forward Amidst the Middle East Crisis](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/india-and-the-uae-forge-forward-amidst-the-middle-east-crisis/)
- [After Project Glasswing: Frontier AI and Sovereign Recovery](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/after-project-glasswing-frontier-ai-and-sovereign-recovery/)
- [Impacts of an Impending “Super” El-Niño on Global Supply Chains](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/impacts-of-an-impending-super-el-nino-on-global-supply-chains/)
- [India and the Gulf: A New Strategy for Water, Energy, Food, and Ecosystem Security](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/india-and-the-gulf-a-new-strategy-for-water-energy-food-and-ecosystem-security/)
- [Iran’s Water Crisis: Historical Roots, Ideological Dimensions, and Policy Challenges](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/irans-water-crisis-historical-roots-ideological-dimensions-and-policy-challenges-2/)
- [Integrating the Water- Energy-Food-Environment (WEFE) Nexus Concept into National Strategies and Planning: Jordan’s Experience](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/integrating-the-water-energy-food-environment-wefe-nexus-concept-into-national-strategies-and-planning-jordans-experience/)
- [Cost of Asian Disunity and the Middle East Crisis](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/cost-of-asian-disunity-and-the-middle-east-crisis/)
- [A Switch, Not a Signal: Interpreting Iran’s 18-Hour Strait Opening](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/a-switch-not-a-signal-interpreting-irans-18-hour-strait-opening/)
- [Reframing the Just Transition in the Arab Region: Food, Water, and the Foundations of Stability with Lessons from Lebanon](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/reframing-the-just-transition-in-the-arab-region-food-water-and-the-foundations-of-stability-with-lessons-from-lebanon/)
- [No Clear Victory: How Washington and Tehran Compete to Define Triumph](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/no-clear-victory-how-washington-and-tehran-compete-to-define-triumph/)
- [The Food-Water-Energy Nexus in the MENA Region: The Case of Egypt](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-food-water-energy-nexus-in-the-mena-region-the-case-of-egypt/)
- [UAE’s Exit From OPEC+: A Structural Break In The Global Oil Order](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/uaes-exit-from-opec-a-structural-break-in-the-global-oil-order/)
- [The Water-Energy-Food Nexus and the AI Imperative](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-water-energy-food-nexus-and-the-ai-imperative/)
- [The End of Nuclear Arms Control: What Comes Next?](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-end-of-nuclear-arms-control-what-comes-next/)
- [Overseas Oil Storage: The Gulf’s Necessary Hedge](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/overseas-oil-storage-the-gulfs-necessary-hedge/)
- [Resilient Food Systems Beyond Inorganic Fertiliser Reliance](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/resilient-food-systems-beyond-inorganic-fertiliser-reliance/)
- [Nuclear Science and Technology for Food and Water Security in MENA](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/nuclear-science-and-technology-for-food-and-water-security-in-mena/)
- [Double Chokepoint: Impact of a Hormuz and Bab al-Mandeb Closure](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/double-chokepoint-impact-of-a-hormuz-and-bab-al-mandeb-closure/)
- [Why Asia Cannot Replace Gulf Crude Easily](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/why-asia-cannot-replace-gulf-crude-easily/)
- [Water Security Modelling and Drought Forecasting in the MENA Region](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/water-security-modelling-and-drought-forecasting-in-the-mena-region-2/)
- [Geoeconomic Rebalancing after the Gulf Crisis](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/geoeconomic-rebalancing-after-the-gulf-crisis/)
- [Catalysing the GCC’s Waste-to-Energy Prospects for Agriculture](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/catalysing-the-gccs-waste-to-energy-prospects-for-agriculture-2/)
- [Membrane Innovation in Desalination: Redefining Water Security in the MENA Region](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/membrane-innovation-in-desalination-redefining-water-security-in-the-mena-region/)
- [Hydrogen and Water in the Gulf Energy Transition: Competing or Complementary Needs?](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/hydrogen-and-water-in-the-gulf-energy-transition-competing-or-complementary-needs/)
- [How Air Power will Reshape Geopolitics in the Gulf](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/how-air-power-will-reshape-geopolitics-in-the-gulf/)
- [Tokenisation in the GCC: Infrastructure Modernisation and Financial Risk](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/tokenisation-in-the-gcc-infrastructure-modernisation-and-financial-risk/)
- [Public Health Implications of Gulf Water Contamination: Risks, Monitoring, and Response](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/public-health-implications-of-gulf-water-contamination-risks-monitoring-and-response/)
- [Deepfakes Across the Gulf: A Generation-Detection Gap](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/deepfakes-across-the-gulf-a-generation-detection-gap/)
- [Transboundary Water Management in the MENA: Politics and Prospects](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/transboundary-water-management-in-the-mena-politics-and-prospects/)
- [Oman’s Personal Income Tax: A Case of Fiscal Signalling](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/omans-personal-income-tax-a-case-of-fiscal-signalling/)
- [How Middle East Turmoil Reverberates Through Japan’s Energy System](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/how-middle-east-turmoil-reverberates-through-japans-energy-system/)
- [Food and Water Security as an Element of National Security: Strategies for the Gulf](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/food-and-water-security-as-an-element-of-national-security-strategies-for-the-gulf/)
- [Stress Testing the EU-Gulf Cooperation](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/stress-testing-the-eu-gulf-cooperation/)
- [Climate Change: The Silent Casualty of War](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/climate-change-the-silent-casualty-of-war/)
- [Mainstreaming Food and Water Security Amid the Strait of Hormuz Crisis](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/mainstreaming-food-and-water-security-amid-the-strait-of-hormuz-crisis/)
- [Beyond ASML: Towards Middle Power Semiconductor Sovereignty](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/asml-bottleneck-can-middle-powers-break-it/)
- [Ceasefire Emerges in the US-Israel Conflict with Iran: Experts React](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/ceasefire-emerges-in-the-us-israel-conflict-with-iran-experts-react/)
- [Trump’s Shifting Ultimatums and the Pressures Closing in](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/trumps-shifting-ultimatums-and-the-pressures-closing-in/)
- [India’s Quiet Maritime Turn in Middle Eastern Waters](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/indias-quiet-maritime-turn-in-middle-eastern-waters/)
- [Lebanon’s Defining Moment: Authority, Security, and Regional Alignment](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/lebanons-defining-moment-authority-security-and-regional-alignment/)
- [Hormuz and the Export of Chaos into Global Supply Chains](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/hormuz-and-the-export-of-chaos-into-global-supply-chains/)
- [The Dilemma in Safeguarding the Strait of Hormuz](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-dilemma-in-safeguarding-the-strait-of-hormuz/)
- [The GCC Data Centre Industry: Conflict and Policy](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-gcc-data-centre-industry-conflict-and-policy/)
- [The US–Israel–Iran Conflict: Energy, Climate & Food-Water Impacts](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-us-israel-iran-conflict-energy-climate-food-water-impacts/)
- [Why Regime Change in Iran is Difficult](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/why-regime-change-in-iran-is-difficult/)
- [Moscow and Beijing’s Divergent Interests in the Middle East Conflict](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/moscow-and-beijings-divergent-interests-in-the-middle-east-conflict/)
- [Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, and Geoeconomic Stabilisation](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/saudi-arabia-turkiye-and-geoeconomic-stabilisation/)
- [The US-Israel-Iran Conflict Spillover Effects on Food and Water Security in the Arabian Gulf](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-us-israel-iran-conflict-spillover-effects-on-food-and-water-security-in-the-persian-gulf/)
- [Hormuz and the Geopolitics of Energy](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/hormuz-and-the-geopolitics-of-energy/)
- [Collateral Reconfiguration: Will the US-Israel Conflict with Iran Reshape Gulf Strategic Calculus?](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/collateral-reconfiguration-will-the-us-israel-conflict-with-iran-reshape-gulf-strategic-calculus/)
- [Ten Days into the US-Israel Conflict with Iran: Experts React](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/ten-days-into-the-us-israel-conflict-with-iran-experts-react/)
- [Iraq’s Lessons in Pursuit of Venezuelan Oil](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/iraqs-lessons-in-pursuit-of-venezuelan-oil/)
- [Traffic Withheld: How Search Design Undermines News Revenue](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/traffic-withheld-how-search-design-undermines-news-revenue/)
- [US-Israel Strikes on Iran: Experts React to the Fallout](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/us-israel-strikes-on-iran-experts-react-to-the-fallout/)
- [The Gulf’s Regional Opportunities Along the Critical Minerals Value-Chain](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-gulfs-regional-opportunities-along-the-critical-minerals-value-chain/)
- [Energy as the Anchor: Recalibrating India–Canada Relations in a ‘Ruptured’ World Order](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/energy-as-the-anchor-recalibrating-india-canada-relations-in-a-ruptured-world-order/)
- [US-Israel Strikes on Iran: Experts React to “Operation Epic Fury”](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/us-israel-strikes-on-iran-experts-react-to-operation-epic-fury/)
- [Integration is the Arabs’ Best Shield Against Confiscation](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/integration-is-the-arabs-best-shield-against-confiscation/)
- [The Gulf’s Critical Minerals Balancing Act](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-gulfs-critical-minerals-balancing-act/)
- [Dual-Use, Triple Gain: Scaling Agrivoltaics in MENA](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/dual-use-triple-gain-scaling-agrivoltaics-in-mena/)
- [Turning Risks into Opportunities](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/turning-risks-into-opportunities/)
- [Convergence of Transitions](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/convergence-of-transitions/)
- [Hanging in The Balance](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/hanging-in-the-balance/)
- [Navigating Structural Hurdles to Unlock Africa’s Critical Minerals Potential](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/navigating-structural-hurdles-to-unlock-africas-critical-minerals-potential/)
- [Brave New World](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/brave-new-world/)
- [Djibouti’s Location Curse: Escaping Strategic Rent Dependence](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/djiboutis-location-curse-escaping-strategic-rent-dependence/)
- [A Year of Rebalancing](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/a-year-of-rebalancing/)
- [Turbulence Ahead](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/turbulence-ahead/)
- [Private Control of Connectivity in Modern Conflict](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/private-control-of-connectivity-in-modern-conflict/)
- [Navigating Strategic Autonomy: India and the Middle East in a Multipolar World](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/navigating-strategic-autonomy-india-and-the-middle-east-in-a-multipolar-world/)
- [Green Hydrogen Prospects in the Gulf](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/green-hydrogen-prospects-in-the-gulf/)
- [Lessons from the Caribbean to Scale the GCC’s Blue Economy](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/lessons-from-the-caribbean-to-scale-the-gccs-blue-economy/)
- [Iran’s Nuclear Programme in the Post-JCPOA Diplomatic Impasse](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/irans-nuclear-programme-in-the-post-jcpoa-diplomatic-impasse/)
- [Trump’s Energy Agenda: Gains and Risks for the Gulf](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/trumps-energy-agenda-gains-and-risks-for-the-gulf/)
- [Iran’s Tryst With Its Future](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/irans-tryst-with-its-future/)
- [A Stable Iran Serves Gulf Interests Better Than Chaos](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/a-stable-iran-serves-gulf-interests-better-than-chaos/)
- [A $6 LNG Window: Mapping India’s Long-Term Gas Demand Potential](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/a-6-lng-window-mapping-indias-long-term-gas-demand-potential/)
- [Iran’s Search for a Future](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/irans-search-for-a-future/)
- [The Political Economy Behind Iran’s Protests](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-political-economy-behind-irans-protests/)
- [Venezuela Echoes Iraq: What is America’s Grand Strategy?](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/venezuela-echoes-iraq-what-is-americas-grand-strategy/)
- [Iran’s Shadow Fleet Fuels Maritime Environmental Risks](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/irans-shadow-fleet-fuels-maritime-environmental-risks/)
- [Bahrain’s Difficult Yet Necessary Fiscal Turn](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/bahrains-difficult-yet-necessary-fiscal-turn/)
- [The South African MDPMI Report: Countering Platform Monopolies](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-south-african-mdpmi-report-countering-platform-monopolies/)
- [The Rentier Divergence: Trajectory of a Post-Oil Arab World](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-rentier-divergence-trajectory-of-a-post-oil-arab-world/)
- [Water Security Modelling and Drought Forecasting in the MENA Region](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/water-security-modelling-and-drought-forecasting-in-the-mena-region/)
- [Sunlight Across Borders: Applying India’s Mini-Grid Models in the UAE](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/sunlight-across-borders-applying-indias-mini-grid-models-in-the-uae/)
- [GCC Joint Defence Integration and the US Factor](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/gcc-joint-defence-integration-and-the-us-factor/)
- [A $6 LNG Window: Mapping India’s Short-Term Gas Demand Potential](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/indias-short-term-gas-demand-assessment-in-a-6-world/)
- [Challenges to Breaking China’s Critical Minerals Grip](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/challenges-to-breaking-chinas-critical-minerals-grip/)
- [Catalysing the GCC’s Waste-to-Energy Prospects for Agriculture](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/catalysing-the-gccs-waste-to-energy-prospects-for-agriculture/)
- [The Zombie Rentier: Is Libya’s Central Bank Crisis Recovery a Statistical Fallacy?](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-zombie-rentier-is-libyas-central-bank-crisis-recovery-a-statistical-fallacy/)
- [The Dubai Airshow and the UAE’s Leadership in Autonomous Aerospace](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-dubai-airshow-and-the-uaes-leadership-in-autonomous-aerospace/)
- [The Business of Development: A New Development Finance Corporation](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-business-of-development-a-new-development-finance-corporation/)
- [Iran’s Water Crisis: Historical Roots, Ideological Dimensions, and Policy Challenges](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/irans-water-crisis-historical-roots-ideological-dimensions-and-policy-challenges/)
- [Digital Interoperability and Trade Facilitation in the India–Middle East–Europe Corridor](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/digital-interoperability-and-trade-facilitation-in-the-india-middle-east-europe-corridor/)
- [UAE Connectivity as a Platform for Resilient Growth](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/uae-connectivity-as-a-platform-for-resilient-growth/)
- [The Gulf’s Indo-Pacific Dilemma](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-gulfs-indo-pacific-dilemma/)
- [Iran’s Currency Redenomination: The Zero-Sum Game](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/irans-currency-redenomination-the-zero-sum-game/)
- [Russia–GCC Relations Revisited: Limits and New Opportunities](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/russia-gcc-relations-revisited-limits-and-new-opportunities/)
- [Between Mediation and Advocacy: Oman’s Shifting Role in Gulf-Iran Relations](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/between-mediation-and-advocacy-omans-shifting-role-in-gulf-iran-relations/)
- [Will COP30 Deliver a New Era for Agriculture and Food Systems?](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/will-cop30-deliver-a-new-era-for-agriculture-and-food-systems/)
- [Underwater Frontiers of Gulf Geopolitics: A Strategic Achilles’ Heel](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/underwater-frontiers-of-gulf-geopolitics-a-strategic-achilles-heel/)
- [Following “Snapback” Sanctions, More Dilemmas for Iran’s Leadership](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/following-snapback-sanctions-more-dilemmas-for-irans-leadership/)
- [Mapping Interstate Trust: The Strategic Geography of Data Centres](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/mapping-interstate-trust-the-strategic-geography-of-data-centres/)
- [Bridging Farm and Table: AgriFoodTech in the UAE](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/bridging-farm-and-table-agrifoodtech-in-the-uae/)
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- [Russia and Israel: Towards a pragmatic partnership](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/russia-and-israel-towards-a-pragmatic-partnership/)
- [Israel’s absorption of Bnei Menashe Jews from India](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/israels-absorption-of-bnei-menashe-jews-from-india/)
- [Sense for sensibility: Maritime domain awareness through the information fusion centre - Indian Ocean Region](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/sense-for-sensibility-maritime-domain-awareness-through-the-information-fusion-centre-indian-ocean-region-2/)
- ["Triangle of sea power" in Gulf of Oman poses a challenge to US-led Indo-Pacific Order](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/triangle-of-sea-power-in-gulf-of-oman-poses-a-challenge-to-us-led-indo-pacific-order/)
- [India’s middle east conundrum](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/indias-middle-east-conundrum/)
- [Of shifting sand dunes in West Asia](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/of-shifting-sand-dunes-in-west-asia/)
- [The evolution of India’s West Asian policy](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/the-evolution-of-indias-west-asian-policy/)
- [West Asia’s tech-talent balance](https://orfme.org/expert-speak/west-asias-tech-talent-balance/)

- [Akram Zaoui](https://orfme.org/team/akram-zaoui/)
- [Kabir Taneja](https://orfme.org/team/kabir-taneja/)
- [Clemens Chay](https://orfme.org/team/clemens-chay/)
- [Fatima Mohammed Alwari](https://orfme.org/team/fatima-mohammed-alwari/)
- [Reem Sagahyroon](https://orfme.org/team/reem-sagahyroon/)
- [Giada Kabrit](https://orfme.org/team/giada-kabrit/)
- [Elizabeth Heyes](https://orfme.org/team/elizabeth-heyes/)
- [Parul Bakshi](https://orfme.org/team/parul-bakshi/)
- [Anjali Rao Koppala](https://orfme.org/team/anjali-rao-koppala/)
- [Leigh Mante](https://orfme.org/team/leigh-mante/)
- [Maggie Sprenger](https://orfme.org/team/maggie-sprenger/)
- [Eszter Karacsony](https://orfme.org/team/eszter-karacsony/)
- [Cauvery Ganapathy](https://orfme.org/team/cauvery-ganapathy/)
- [Siddharth Yadav](https://orfme.org/team/siddharth-yadav/)
- [Pranjal Sharma](https://orfme.org/team/pranjal-sharma/)
- [Mahdi Ghuloom](https://orfme.org/team/mahdi-ghuloom/)
- [Samriddhi Vij](https://orfme.org/team/samriddhi-vij/)
- [Mannat Jaspal](https://orfme.org/team/mannat-jaspal/)
- [Mohamed AlSharhan](https://orfme.org/team/mohamed-alsharhan/)
- [Leila Alagroobi](https://orfme.org/team/leila-alagroobi/)
- [Aakanksha Tangri](https://orfme.org/team/aakanksha-tangri/)
- [Olesya Makarova](https://orfme.org/team/olesya-makarova/)

- [The Return of Nuclear Competition](https://orfme.org/research/the-return-of-nuclear-competition/)
- [Roundtable Roundup: The Future of the GCC Data Centre Industry](https://orfme.org/research/roundtable-roundup-the-future-of-the-gcc-data-centre-industry/)
- [Foreign Policy Survey 2025: Young India and the Middle East](https://orfme.org/research/foreign-policy-survey-2025-young-india-and-the-middle-east/)
- [India and the UAE: A New Strategic Compact](https://orfme.org/research/india-and-the-uae-a-new-strategic-compact/)
- [ORF Global Quarterly: Disruption and Recalibration](https://orfme.org/research/orf-global-quarterly-disruption-and-recalibration/)
- [Shifting Sands: A Middle East in Conflict and Transition](https://orfme.org/research/shifting-sands-a-middle-east-in-conflict-and-transition/)
- [AI’s Next Trajectory: The Inference Innovation](https://orfme.org/research/ais-next-trajectory-the-inference-innovation/)
- [The Maritime Insurance Chokepoint: Securing India’s Sea-Borne Trade](https://orfme.org/research/the-maritime-insurance-chokepoint-securing-indias-sea-borne-trade/)
- [Pakistan Is Finally Back In Middle East's 'Good Books'. But Can It Stay There?](https://orfme.org/research/pak-is-finally-back-in-middle-easts-good-books-but-can-it-stay-there/)
- [Large but Uneven: Mapping the IMF’s Footprint in the MENA Region](https://orfme.org/research/large-but-uneven-mapping-the-imfs-footprint-in-the-mena-region/)
- [When conflicts rewire banks](https://orfme.org/research/when-conflicts-rewire-banks/)
- [Big Aspirations for Small Modular Reactors: Understanding India’s Strategy on SMRs](https://orfme.org/research/big-aspirations-for-small-modular-reactors-understanding-indias-strategy-on-smrs/)
- [AI Advertising and the Authenticity Paradox](https://orfme.org/research/ai-advertising-and-the-authenticity-paradox/)
- [Levelling Up: How AI is Transforming Video-Game Development](https://orfme.org/research/levelling-up-how-ai-is-transforming-video-game-development/)
- [The Egypt-GCC Economic Relationship in an Era of Strategic Transformation](https://orfme.org/research/the-egypt-gcc-economic-relationship-in-an-era-of-strategic-transformation/)
- [Has the Iran War Triggered Another Semiconductor Crisis?](https://orfme.org/research/has-the-iran-war-triggered-another-semiconductor-crisis/)
- [Roundtable Roundup: Catalysing Waste to Energy in the Gulf and Beyond](https://orfme.org/research/roundtable-roundup-catalysing-waste-to-energy-in-the-gulf-and-beyond/)
- [The Geopolitical Implications of the Looming AI Bubble](https://orfme.org/research/the-geopolitical-implications-of-the-looming-ai-bubble/)
- [Reverberating Effects for Fertiliser, Food and Water Security in Times of  Conflict](https://orfme.org/research/reverberating-effects-for-fertiliser-food-and-water-security-in-times-of-conflict/)
- [Policy Pathways for Food and Water Security in the MENA Region](https://orfme.org/research/policy-pathways-for-food-and-water-security-in-the-mena-region/)
- [Iran’s Geoeconomic Strategy](https://orfme.org/research/irans-geoeconomic-strategy/)
- [A West Asia Security Rethink Amid America’s Role](https://orfme.org/research/a-west-asia-security-rethink-amid-americas-role/)
- [Dominance without Control: Naval Dynamics in Operation Epic Fury](https://orfme.org/research/dominance-without-control-naval-dynamics-in-operation-epic-fury/)
- [Rethinking Resilient Food Systems: Mitigating Food Supply Chain Shocks in the MENA Region](https://orfme.org/research/rethinking-resilient-food-systems-mitigating-food-supply-chain-shocks-in-the-mena-region/)
- [Risk and Resilience: India’s Energy Security in a Volatile Middle East](https://orfme.org/research/risk-and-resilience-indias-energy-security-in-a-volatile-middle-east/)
- [South Asia’s Integrated Grid and Clean Energy Transition](https://orfme.org/research/south-asias-integrated-grid-and-clean-energy-transition/)
- [From Satellites to Synthetic Biology: The Dual-Use Dilemma](https://orfme.org/research/from-satellites-to-synthetic-biology-the-dual-use-dilemma/)
- [The EU’s ‘Geopolitical Actorness’ in the Gulf: Purpose, State of Play, and Potential](https://orfme.org/research/the-eus-geopolitical-actorness-in-the-gulf-purpose-state-of-play-and-potential/)
- [Fortifying Bahrain: Allied Reinforcements Amid Iranian Aggression](https://orfme.org/research/fortifying-bahrain-allied-reinforcements-amid-iranian-aggression/)
- [Rethinking the Energy Security Architecture:  Securitization, Resilience and Transition](https://orfme.org/research/israel-iran-war-rethinking-indias-energy-security/)
- [The EU’s CBAM and Gulf Countries: An Analysis of Early Evidence](https://orfme.org/research/the-eus-cbam-and-gulf-countries-an-analysis-of-early-evidence/)
- [Japan’s Energy Dilemma in An Era of Volatility](https://orfme.org/research/japans-energy-dilemma-in-an-era-of-volatility/)
- [Syria’s Economy Remains on Life Support – a Recovery is Not in Sight](https://orfme.org/research/syrias-economy-remains-on-life-support-a-recovery-is-not-in-sight/)
- [The Hidden Costs of US-Israel-Iran Conflict](https://orfme.org/research/the-hidden-costs-of-us-israel-iran-conflict/)
- [Iran’s Hormuz Blockade Anchored in Successful Securitization](https://orfme.org/research/irans-hormuz-blockade-anchored-in-successful-securitization/)
- [The Trump-driven Push for a ‘New Middle East’](https://orfme.org/research/the-trump-driven-push-for-a-new-middle-east/)
- [From Barrels to Molecules: Gulf’s Emerging Multi-energy Export Model](https://orfme.org/research/from-barrels-to-molecules-gulfs-emerging-multi-energy-export-model/)
- [Building A Heat Resilience Roadmap for the Gulf Region](https://orfme.org/research/building-a-heat-resilience-roadmap-for-the-gulf-region/)
- [Reading The Tea Leaves in The Conflict in West Asia](https://orfme.org/research/reading-the-tea-leaves-in-the-conflict-in-west-asia/)
- [Washington’s and Tehran’s Gambles Plunge the Middle East into Crisis](https://orfme.org/research/washingtons-and-tehrans-gambles-plunge-the-middle-east-into-crisis/)
- [Leveraging AI for a Gender-Responsive Care Economy](https://orfme.org/research/ai-gender-care-economy/)
- [Governing Biotechnology’s Dual-Use Security Dilemma](https://orfme.org/research/securitisation-biotechnology-dual-use-dilemma/)
- [The Future of Think Tanks in the Age of AI](https://orfme.org/research/ai-future-of-think-tanks/)
- [US-Israel Strikes Tip Middle East into A New Crisis](https://orfme.org/research/us-israel-strikes-tip-middle-east-into-a-new-crisis/)
- [Tehran Reenters the Global Geopolitical Spotlight](https://orfme.org/research/tehran-reenters-the-global-geopolitical-spotlight/)
- [Mapping Energy Landscapes in the Gulf: Systems, Policies, and Transition Pathways](https://orfme.org/research/mapping-energy-landscapes-in-the-gulf-systems-policies-and-transition-pathways/)
- [Mapping Gulf Sovereign Wealth Funds in the Global Energy Transition: Capital, Technology, and Diplomacy](https://orfme.org/research/mapping-gulf-sovereign-wealth-funds-in-the-global-energy-transition-capital-technology-and-diplomacy/)
- [Countdown to the India AI Impact Summit 2026: Insights from ORF’s Pre-Summit Engagements](https://orfme.org/research/countdown-to-the-india-ai-impact-summit-2026-insights-from-orfs-pre-summit-engagements/)
- [Greening Half the World: Leveraging the New Development Bank for Green Finance](https://orfme.org/research/greening-half-the-world-leveraging-the-new-development-bank-for-green-finance/)
- [A Case for Asia’s Own CERN: Harnessing Scientific Diplomacy](https://orfme.org/research/a-case-for-asias-own-cern-harnessing-scientific-diplomacy/)
- [As Green Energy Pathways Ease, India Should Pay Special Attention to Round-The-Clock Renewables](https://orfme.org/research/as-green-energy-pathways-ease-india-should-pay-special-attention-to-round-the-clock-renewables/)
- [Why India’s Round-The-Clock Renewable Energy Story Must Be Written in Coal-Rich States](https://orfme.org/research/why-indias-round-the-clock-renewable-energy-story-must-be-written-in-coal-rich-states/)
- [Gaza Outlook Remains Dim, Despite Some Progress](https://orfme.org/research/gaza-outlook-remains-dim-despite-some-progress/)
- [The DPI Exchange: New Corridors for Innovation and Inclusion](https://orfme.org/research/the-dpi-exchange-new-corridors-for-innovation-and-inclusion/)
- [Secure Frontiers, Shared Futures](https://orfme.org/research/secure-frontiers-shared-futures/)
- [ORF Global Quarterly: Navigating Megatrends for 2026](https://orfme.org/research/orf-global-quarterly-navigating-megatrends-for-2026/)
- [Grey-Zone Warfare and Cyber Precursor To Conventional Conflict](https://orfme.org/research/grey-zone-warfare-and-cyber-precursor-to-conventional-conflict/)
- [Digital Public Infrastructure and The Future of Digital Payments: Lessons from Pix and UPI](https://orfme.org/research/digital-public-infrastructure-and-the-future-of-digital-payments-lessons-from-pix-and-upi/)
- [Roundtable Roundup : AgriFoodTech in the UAE](https://orfme.org/research/roundtable-roundup-agrifoodtech-in-the-uae/)
- [Recommendations for the U.S. AI Action Plan](https://orfme.org/research/recommendations-for-the-u-s-ai-action-plan/)
- [IMEC: A Blueprint for Transcontinental Energy Integration](https://orfme.org/research/imec-a-blueprint-for-transcontinental-energy-integration/)
- [China’s Evolving CBDC Architecture](https://orfme.org/research/chinas-evolving-cbdc-architecture/)
- [Smart Climate Governance: Beyond The “Hot & Cold” Approach](https://orfme.org/research/smart-climate-governance-beyond-the-hot-cold-approach/)
- [The Emerging 'Hybrid Professional': GenAI's Impact on Skill Demand Changes in the UAE](https://orfme.org/research/the-emerging-hybrid-professional-genais-impact-on-skill-demand-changes-in-the-uae/)
- [Swords and Shields: Navigating the Modern Intelligence Landscape](https://orfme.org/research/swords-and-shields-navigating-the-modern-intelligence-landscape/)
- [Inside America’s New Defence Tech Ecosystem](https://orfme.org/research/inside-americas-new-defence-tech-ecosystem/)
- [Developing an Effective Trilateral Partnership](https://orfme.org/research/developing-an-effective-trilateral-partnership/)
- [AI’s Expanding Water Footprint and the Case for Circularity](https://orfme.org/research/ais-expanding-water-footprint-and-the-case-for-circularity/)
- [The Golan Heights: From Demilitarisation To a Pursuit of Peace](https://orfme.org/research/the-golan-heights-from-demilitarisation-to-a-pursuit-of-peace/)
- [India and the UAE Could Define ‘Eastern’ Ethics for AI](https://orfme.org/research/india-and-the-uae-could-define-eastern-ethics-for-ai/)
- [Strengthening Media and Information Literacy in Africa](https://orfme.org/research/strengthening-media-and-information-literacy-in-africa/)
- [The US War Department and the STEM Recalibration](https://orfme.org/research/the-us-war-department-and-the-stem-recalibration/)
- [The Saudi Arabia-Pakistan Defence Agreement: Perspectives from India and the Middle East](https://orfme.org/research/the-saudi-arabia-pakistan-defence-agreement-perspectives-from-india-and-the-middle-east/)
- [The Hanoi Convention and the Contest to Shape Global Cybercrime Norms](https://orfme.org/research/the-hanoi-convention-and-the-contest-to-shape-global-cybercrime-norms/)
- [From Gaza to Afghanistan: Is it All Down to the ‘Moderates’?](https://orfme.org/research/from-gaza-to-afghanistan-is-it-all-down-to-the-moderates/)
- [Diplomacy and Decarbonization: 70 Years of Saudi–Japan Energy Relations](https://orfme.org/research/diplomacy-and-decarbonization-70-years-of-saudi-japan-energy-relations/)
- [Securing the Transition: Unlocking India–Japan Collaboration on Critical Minerals](https://orfme.org/research/securing-the-transition-unlocking-india-japan-collaboration-on-critical-minerals/)
- [Beijing’s Middle East Playbook in a Changing Global Order](https://orfme.org/research/beijings-middle-east-playbook-in-a-changing-global-order/)
- [Sea of Hope: The Blue Economy Imperatives for the Global South With Reference to India](https://orfme.org/research/sea-of-hope-the-blue-economy-imperatives-for-the-global-south-with-reference-to-india/)
- [Mirror Biology: Governing the Next Frontier of Life Sciences](https://orfme.org/research/mirror-biology-governing-the-next-frontier-of-life-sciences/)
- [Gaza Ceasefire Tests America’s Middle East Clout](https://orfme.org/research/gaza-ceasefire-tests-americas-middle-east-clout/)
- [Between New Delhi & Kabul, a fine balance](https://orfme.org/research/between-new-delhi-kabul-a-fine-balance/)
- [How AI Can Deliver Quality Learning at Scale](https://orfme.org/research/how-ai-can-deliver-quality-learning-at-scale/)
- [Can India and Japan deliver on their energy agenda?](https://orfme.org/research/can-india-and-japan-deliver-on-their-energy-agenda/)
- [Convergence in Grand Strategies: The France-UAE Partnership in AI](https://orfme.org/research/convergence-in-grand-strategies-the-france-uae-partnership-in-ai/)
- [A Widening Gulf Between Israel and Qatar](https://orfme.org/research/a-widening-gulf-between-israel-and-qatar/)
- [Israel's Strike on Qatar Tilts the Balance Against Gulf-Israel Relations](https://orfme.org/research/israels-strike-on-qatar-tilts-the-balance-against-gulf-israel-relations/)
- [The Future of Global A.I.](https://orfme.org/research/the-future-of-global-a-i/)
- [The Rise of Soft Power in the Gulf: A Comparative Analysis of GCC Strategies](https://orfme.org/research/the-rise-of-soft-power-in-the-gulf-a-comparative-analysis-of-gcc-strategies/)
- [Energy Transitions in the Gulf: Realities, Risks, and the Road Ahead](https://orfme.org/research/energy-transitions-in-the-gulf-realities-risks-and-the-road-ahead/)
- [Embedding AI in Education: UAE’s Path to Strategy 2031](https://orfme.org/research/ai-education-uae/)
- [Qatar and Italy: Emerging Power-Brokers in Syria’s New Order](https://orfme.org/research/qatar-italy-syria-reconstruction/)
- [AI Hallucinations in the Legal Field: Present Experiences, Future Considerations](https://orfme.org/research/ai-hallucinations-legal-sector/)
- [The Consistent Setbacks to a Proverbial ‘New Middle East’](https://orfme.org/research/the-consistent-setbacks-to-a-proverbial-new-middle-east/)
- [United States’ Crypto Vision](https://orfme.org/research/united-states-crypto-vision/)
- [Bridging the Financing Gap for the SDGs: A Framework for Renewed Action](https://orfme.org/research/bridging-the-financing-gap-for-the-sdgs-a-framework-for-renewed-action/)
- [The Power of the Stars: Harnessing Nuclear Fusion for Energy Needs](https://orfme.org/research/the-power-of-the-stars-harnessing-nuclear-fusion-for-energy-needs/)
- [Chokepoint Checkers: Iran’s Strait of Hormuz Gambit](https://orfme.org/research/chokepoint-checkers-irans-strait-of-hormuz-gambit/)
- [Bridging the Climate Finance Gap in Africa through Debt Swaps](https://orfme.org/research/bridging-the-climate-finance-gap-in-africa-through-debt-swaps/)
- [The Future of Ocean Finance: Scaling Blue Bonds](https://orfme.org/research/the-future-of-ocean-finance-scaling-blue-bonds/)
- [The Impact of Trump’s Energy Policy Reset on the UAE’s Transition Agenda](https://orfme.org/research/the-impact-of-trumps-energy-policy-reset-on-the-uaes-transition-agenda/)
- [The European Union A.I. Act 2024: Understanding the Context and Exploring its Future](https://orfme.org/research/the-european-union-a-i-act-2024-understanding-the-context-and-exploring-its-future/)
- [Sketching the Future: Bahrain Between Two Visions](https://orfme.org/research/bahrain-vision-2050-future-planning/)
- [France’s strategic potential: Having agency in the Middle East's regional stabilisation](https://orfme.org/research/france-middle-east-strategic-stabilisation/)
- [Iraq on the Sidelines of Regional Conflict](https://orfme.org/research/iraq-strategic-recalibration-iran-israel-conflict/)
- [The Dangerous Romanticism of Orchestrating Regime Change in Iran](https://orfme.org/research/us-israel-iran-conflict-regime-change-2025/)
- [The EU’s challenge: Play the role of a strategically prudent but assertive actor](https://orfme.org/research/eu-middle-east-conflict-resolution-role/)
- [Energy Security as Risk: As Tensions Mount in the Strait of Hormuz](https://orfme.org/research/strait-of-hormuz-energy-security-geopolitics/)
- [Escalating Israel-Iran Tensions: Experts React](https://orfme.org/research/israel-iran-conflict-middle-east-energy-crisis/)
- [Bahrain-Iran challenges and potential rapprochement during Trump 2.0](https://orfme.org/research/iran-bahrain-rapprochement/)
- [Telecom AI: Increasing AI Integration in Networks of the Future](https://orfme.org/research/future-of-ai-native-telecom-networks/)
- [The State of the Global Energy Transition](https://orfme.org/research/the-future-of-clean-energy/)
- [AI and Soft Power: The UAE’s Strategy for Global Cooperation](https://orfme.org/research/uae-ai-strategy-global-cooperation/)
- [The Gulf in Trump’s Gulf Visit: Missing Voices, Missed Chances](https://orfme.org/research/trump-2025-gulf-visit-missed-opportunities/)
- [Strengthening EU Geopolitical Resilience Through Gulf Partnerships](https://orfme.org/research/eu-gulf-strategic-partnership-resilience/)
- [UAE’s Critical Minerals Dilemma](https://orfme.org/research/uae-critical-minerals-strategy/)
- [Assessing Trade within the Abraham Accords](https://orfme.org/research/israel-abraham-accords-trade-analysis/)
- [Codifying Climate Action in the Heart of a Petrostate](https://orfme.org/research/uae-climate-law-2024/)
- [From Innovation to Participation: Why Open Data Matters in the Gulf](https://orfme.org/research/gulf-digital-transformation-open-data/)
- [Artificial intelligence checks in: How it is changing the travel sector](https://orfme.org/research/artificial-intelligence-checks-in-how-it-is-changing-the-travel-sector/)
- [The India-UAE Partnership in Next-Generation Energy Sectors](https://orfme.org/research/india-uae-partnership-in-next-generation-energy-sectors/)
- [AI safety on the chopping block: How US-China rivalry is redefining regulation](https://orfme.org/research/ai-safety-on-the-chopping-block-how-us-china-rivalry-is-redefining-regulation/)
- [U.S. AI Action Plan: Recommendations to the National Science Foundation and the Office of Science and Technology Policy](https://orfme.org/research/u-s-ai-action-plan-recommendations-to-the-national-science-foundation-and-the-office-of-science-and-technology-policy/)
- [Between war and peace: Will the Israel-Hamas deal survive?](https://orfme.org/research/between-war-and-peace-will-the-israel-hamas-deal-survive/)
- [UAE’s economic engagement in Africa](https://orfme.org/research/uaes-economic-engagement-in-africa/)
- [GloBE(al) pressures for tax reforms: The GCC’s new investment attraction challenge](https://orfme.org/research/globeal-pressures-for-tax-reforms-the-gccs-new-investment-attraction-challenge/)
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